The reef octopus in the Red Sea forms hunting parties with fish (Credit: Eduardo Sampaio and Simon Gingine/ CC-BY-SA-2.0)

Octopuses are among the smartest marine animals. These intelligent cephalopods are known for using coconut shells as mobile homes and armor and changing colors on demand to evade predators. A new study by researchers at Germany's Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior found that octopuses can also be strong leaders. They take charge of hunting packs and even discipline those who try to cheat.